From

〜て+しまう

Always has a nuance of regret or unfortunate(ly). when used on its own, it implies messing something up

ああしまった oh crap!

Not with negative

It cannot be used with a negative form. ないてしまわない

Regrettably

can be used to denote that an act was performed unintentionally or regrettably. can only be done in retrospect according to daichi book

泣いてしまった。 I unintentionally cried.

時計が壊してしまいました I regrettably broke my watch.

Completely (...)

less common than the 'regrettably' use. works with any action verb. The nuance is "although possibly undesirable/unnecessary, finish/do it anyway".

小説を一日で読んでしまうRegrettably, I fully finished reading the novel in one day.

すぐ片づけてしまいますね。 I will have it fully tidied straight away.

夕食の前に宿題をやってしまおう。 その教科書は全部読んでしまった

〜てしまう vs 切る vs 上げる vs 終える

Abbreviation

Often abbreviated to 「〜ちゃう」(or in some cases 「じゃった」) incasual speech.

そろそろ遅くなっちゃうよ。 It's unfortunately already getting late.

魚はもう死んじゃったUnfortunately, the fish had already died.